August 02, 2012 journal, from an unexpected source about the selling of the souls of men. History is difficult to hide because it is stamped in blood for all the world to see & know. This journal is dedicated to reciting a bulletin of Paul E. Lawrence hostile to Farrakhan. http://www.adl.org/special_reports/farrakhan_own_words2/on_jews.asp "Farrakhan in His Own Words on Jews Introduction on Jews on 'Jewish Conspiracies' On the Holocaust on Jewish Involvement in the Slave Trade on Israel on Dialogue with Jews on Whites on U.S. Government on Homosexuals on the 'Mainstream' Blacks Farrakhan: How many of you are lawyers? Only have one in the house? No wonder we go to jail so much, brother! But at the top of the law profession, who are the top in law? Audience: Jews. Farrakhan: Sorry I didn't hear you. Audience: Jews! Farrakhan: Any doctors in the house? Ain't got no doctors? Oh there's one way in the back. At the top of hospital the medical profession, the top in that are members of the Jewish community. Anybody in media? Who's the top in that field? Audience: Jews. Farrakhan: Anybody a rapper in the house? There's rappers. You can rap, not nothing wrong with that, but at the top of that are those that control the industry. Any of you have Hollywood ambitions, Broadway ambitions? Who's the top of that? Audience: Jews. Farrakhan: Same people! They're masters in business. Well I'm not a businessman I'm a banker. Well who's the master of the bankers? Audience: Jews. Farrakhan: TALK TO ME! Audience: Jews! Farrakhan: You don't discredit them because they're masters, you discredit them by the way they use their mastery. Audience: [applause] Farrakhan: Now, I close. "All is Vanity" sermon at Mosque Maryam, Chicago 7/1/12 "White Christians, [you saw the plight of blacks] but what did you do? You walked right by on the other side. Then along came the Jewish people. You did a little better. You came and looked at us: 'damn they're in bad shape! Let's see how we can take advantage of the shape that they're in.'" "Guidance in a Time of Trouble" speech in San Diego, 5/27/12 "Do you know Jewish people were not the origin of Hollywood, but the Saviours' Day, Chicago, Illinois, 2/26/12 "In 100 years, they control movies, television, recording, publishing, commerce, radio, they own it all. Magazines. Why do you want all, everything?" Saviours' Day, Chicago, Illinois, 2/26/12 "Did you know that the Koran says that Jews are the most violent of people. I didn't write it, but I'm living to see it." Saviours' Day, Chicago, Illinois, 2/26/12 "I think we have made a grave mistake; we have been deceived into thinking that the Jews have been our allies in our recent civil rights struggle... Yes, he poses as your friend. He's with you as an agent, he's with you as a manager, he's with you as an investor, he's with you as a guide in economic development, but he has never asked you to do what he has done. He networks with other rich, influential Jews and he buys, he invests, he's in trade and commerce." Interview with Washington, DC, radio station WPFW-FM, 4/1/10 "Some of you think that I'm just somebody who's got something out for the Jewish people. You're stupid. Do you think I would waste my time if I did not think it was important for you to know Satan? My job is to pull the cover off of Satan so that he will never deceive you and the people of the world again." Saviours' Day, Rosemont, Illinois, 2/27/11 "If the white race is under the name Israel, where did the name Jew come from? Adam never said he was a Jew. Abraham didn't say he was a Jew. Moses didn't say he was a Jew. The name Jew comes after Judah. Hebrew is different. The original Hebrews look just like you. The original Hebrew's are Black." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/3/10 "How did we get a Black president? Because those Satanic Jews know the time that this is the time of your separation from them that God wants to give you a land of your own as the cornerstone of the Kingdom of God You didn't see when they got in the room and said we have to deceive them and through them deceive the entire world' How could they be the chosen of God and leading the world into filth and indecency?" Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/3/10 "You can't do nothing in Hollywood unless you go by them. You a hip-hop artist? You can't do nothing, you gotta go by them. You want to be a great sports figure? They own that plantation Children of Israel; they got you jumping through hoops." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/3/10 "They stole land in Palestine and this Synagogue of Satan knows that the end of their time of rule is up. The jig is up." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/3/10 "If they go to war with Iran, which they're setting the stage for now, it'll be because the Zionists have pushed Obama to do their bidding and to put a black face on an illegitimate war and use black and brown and poor white to fight a war for the Ashkenazi false Jews that have come out of Europe. These same people started apartheid in Africa. The same Jews are guilty of Jim Crow and the laws that segregated us and they're the same forces that are in Palestine right now telling Palestinians in their own land what roads they can travel on and what they're not free to travel on." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/3/10 "White people, although they hated us, are not the architects of white supremacy. That started in Europe and it is here in America and we document the architecture of white supremacy in this volume, Volume 2 The Secret Relationship between Blacks and Jews." Interview on the Michael Eric Dyson show, 8/23/10 "This thing called anti-Semitism this is what I want to deal with, so that never again when somebody is critical of Israeli policy or Jewish misbehavior that all of a sudden we are called anti-Semitic. I will prove to the world that those who even use the term are not Semitic at all." Interview on the Michael Eric Dyson show, 8/23/10 "I know that by singling out not all Jews, but those specific irreligious Jews that the scripture calls the Synagogue of Satan, those who use their power to influence people away from the way of God, making evil fair-seeming to them ... these irreligious Jews who claim they are Jews and they are not. They blaspheme the name of a Jew; a Jew is a good name. There's deception here and the deceiver and the deception has to be exposed." Interview on the Michael Eric Dyson show, 8/23/10 "We could charge you with being the most virulent anti-Black group in the annals of our history. I didn't say we would, I said we could. I used the conditional tense. I said we could charge you with being the most deceitful person acting, playing with our friend while you have been our worst enemy." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 7/11/10 "These who call us anti-Semitic are not Semitic at all. They have no connection what so-ever to the Holy Land. They are usurpers, land grabbers." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 7/11/10 "You are of the Synagogue of Satan and therefore will be dealt with by God." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 7/11/10 "Now, Jews are very sensitive people. If you even look like you're gonna criticize them they get very defensive. And you could say they're defensive because of what they suffered in Europe. That may be one reason. But the main reason is, see when somebody has lied, and stolen your birth-right, the one thing they fear is not your guns, because they got some bigger. They don't fear your so-called scholarship 'cause they arranged your education. And they never taught you anything that would allow you to upset their rule. But what they fear most is the truth." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 7/11/10 "I've asked [the Jewish people], 'since your people put ours in this condition, why don't you help me raise our people up from the degraded state that your people have put them in.'" Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 7/11/10 To all of those who feel that the children of Israel are over in that place they call Israel, you are mistaken. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 Other than the Bible there is no historical record of anybody names Jews in bondage in Egypt in 400 years you have to keep your eyes open for the game that may be put over on you by a smart crooked deceiver. Now there's no historical record of their suffering in bondage like that now they were freed from a bondage alright, but that was in the hills and cave sides of Europe. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 These people have no legitimate connection to that land. They didn't come into existence in the Holy Land. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 Jewish people claim Abraham. Sorry. I have to tell you the masquerade is over. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 Do you know that in Europe in every nation where they were, they led an industry in commerce in trade in banking? And the gentiles were angry with them because every-where they went, they ruled. So the gentiles rose up against the Jews and persecuted them in Europe. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 When they came to America they went into the South and there they found common ground with the gentiles who hated black people, because that same Babylonian Talmud, the rabbis developed the myth of Ham. That you and I are the children of Ham, cursed, black, doomed. So when they got in the South they just fueled the gentiles with the curse of Ham and that has spread throughout the world. It has poisoned the bloodstream of Islam, of Christianity, of Judaism, of Communism, of Socialism. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 I'm here to tell you no black man or woman becomes a multimillionaire without friend-ship in the Jewish community. Did you know that nearly all prominent Negro actors and musicians have or had Jewish sponsors and managers? They have a way of attaching themselves to your gifts, but you get nothing. They get it all. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 And do you know that when our brother was elected, Jewish people wrote, as Bill Clinton was the first Black president, Barack Obama would be the first Jewish president. Now that's a terrible thing to say but they were telling you, we own the brother.' His early money came from Goldman Sachs. He was nurtured by Jews who saw in him his brilliance. He's a beautiful human being. And they knew that as brilliant as he was, they could use him to trick black people away from the promise of God. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 He's president now and he's upsetting them. Because all the Jewish presidents met him in the Oval Office and told him to go easy on Israel and settlements in the West Bank. And because he was strong out of Israel they started calling him what they been calling me: an anti-Semite. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 a lecture like this has put me in deep trouble with those forces that run this world. I have never been more prepared in my life to do what it takes, even if it's the loss of my life, to free you. But I can tell you, they killed their last prophet when they killed Jesus. Speech in Atlanta, 6/26/10 Since he's been in office, [Obama] surrounded himself [with] certain very powerful elements "Zionists" within the Jewish community; and has brought around him as 'advisers' some of those from Goldman Sachs, who advised him about this bailout money. Our brother, now, is disappointing to some aspects of that community, and that is the beginning of the end. Because, when they're disappointed with you, the force that they have, the power that they have, the influence that they have is gradually turned against you if you don't submit. Interview with Chicago radio station WVON radio, 3/24/10 "The Black man and woman have always been looked upon as the 'property' of White America; and particularly, members of the Jewish community. They've always looked at you as 'belonging' to them." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 3/7/10 "The Jewish people have said that Hollywood is theirs. Can any of you deny that they are the masters of Hollywood, where sex, lesbianism, homosexuality and violence are promoted?" 00Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 3/7/10 "Who owns the recording companies? People who call themselves 'Jews,' but they are not Jews; they are masquerading And the so-called Jews who run those record companies they use you, and they've sent you all over the world degrading the culture of other nations with your filth and debauchery." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 3/7/10 "It was Hollywood whose first movie, what was the first movie? 'The Birth of a Nation.' How did it portray us? And how has Hollywood portrayed us? And who were the Hollywood moguls who portrayed us like that? Am I anti-Semitic or are they anti-black?" Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 7/26/09 "There were members of the Jewish community that helped to start NAACP but they were watchmen over how that organization developed, to keep it in a certain line." Speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 7/26/09 "Do you know some of these satanic Jews have taken over BET?... Everything that we built, they have. The mind of Satan now is running the record industry, movie industry and television. And they make us look like we're the murders; we look like we're the gangsters, but we're punk stuff." "Justifiable Homicide: Black Youth in Peril (Part 3)" speech at Mosque Maryam, 11/11/07 "The real anti-Semites are those who came out of Europe and settled in Palestine, and now they call themselves the true Jews, when in fact, they converted to Judaism." Al Jazeera TV interview, 3/18/07 "These false Jews promote the filth of Hollywood that is seeding the American people and the people of the world and bringing you down in moral strength. It's the wicked Jews the false Jews that are promoting Lesbianism, homosexuality. It's wicked Jews, false Jews that make it a crime for you to preach the word of God, then they call you homophobic!" Saviours' Day, Chicago, Illinois, 2/26/06 "I'm not an anti-Semite, I never have been one. I do not hate the Jewish people; put that down! What I hate is the degree of control that they exercise over Black intellectual, cultural expression. I do not think that no human being should determine how high we can go, that can only be determined by God and by us; not by no white man, no black man, no human being [crowd cheers]." Millions More Movement rally, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 8/31/05 "Now the thinking of these neoconservatives is written of in scripture. In the book of Revelations, 2 and 9, it reads, 'I know the blasphemy of those who say they are Jews and are not but are a synagogue of Satan.' What is the blasphemy? A Jew is a noble name. A Jew means one who is in a covenant relationship with God in obedience to the divine laws, statues and commandments of God. But these people claim to be Jews but they're not in obedience to God's law, they have given a mission of evil a divine look on it. And George W. Bush has swallowed that bait, hook line and sinker. The synagogue of Satan is a gathering of persons of like mind and spirit who are in opposition to the will of God. So Paul said we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities and powers that are not of this world, and spiritual wickedness in high places." National Press Club, Washington, D.C., 5/3/2004 "Dewey, Kant and Hegel, and the rabbis that wrote the Talmud, make blacks inferior." National Black Agenda Convention, Boston, 3/18/04"I call them the so-called Jews because to be a Jew you have to adhere to the statutes and laws that create the special relationship. How can you be a Jew and promote homosexual marriage?" National Black Agenda Convention, Boston, 3/18/04 "See, you so called Jews. I'm not gonna give you the credit for being one of those that obey God. You portrayed us, you know what images do, that's why you jumped on Mel Gibson. But you painted us, big lips, red eyes, kinky hair, you put in the movies like that. You mocked our characteristics and made us to hate God's creation of us. You did that. Hollywood did that. You take our strongest, more courageous black minds; you think we don't see you? And you put us in Hollywood. You give us television shows, and then we gotta bug our eyes." Saviours' Day Speech, Chicago, 2/29/04 "You don't mention the horror of our suffering. Here's why it's because of something called the Hamitic curse. Now I know that this is kinda rough. But according to the Babylonian scholars, writers of the Talmud, not the Torah, but Talmud. Now I want you to listen. Look at this now, the Hamitic curse was written off in the Talmud 400 years after the birth of Jesus. And the way they wrote it was, I got to find the exact words, 'cause it's really powerful. Oh, Lord, let me find it. I'm gonna take my time. Oh boy, well I'm gonna say it, in the Talmud they talk abut because he looked at Noah in that condition and marked the redness of his eyes, the turning of his head made these kinks in his hair, the thickness of his lips Ð that's our features. We were black and cursed. Saviours' Day Speech, Chicago, 2/29/04 "But what you have in the Bible has been added to and taken away from by the Jews. Oh here goes this anti-Semite.' This Koran says that the Jews have altered the word of God out of its place. They did not want the masters of the people to know what Jesus really said, what Moses really said, because then you wouldn't have a yardstick to measure their deviations." --"What is Islam?," speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 11/23/03 "What had they done to deserve such a harsh judgment from God? Those who are Jews and those who are Christians, those who believe in Allah on the last day, they have their reward from their Lord. There are beautiful members of the Jewish community who are trying their utmost to follow the law and the teachings of Moses and the prophets that God sent to Israel. But there's another Jew who is not really a Jew. He is an imposter posing as Jew. In the Bible, in the book of Revelations [it] says 'Those who say they are Jews and are not, I will make them of the synagogue of Satan.' Who are the masters of Hollywood, how could you be a righteous Jew and promote that which is forbidden by the God of Israel? Come on now. How could you be a righteous Jew and publish the filth that is published daily feeding the minds of the American people and the people of the world filth and indecency, and making it fair seeming in their eye?" "What is Islam?," speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 11/23/03 "We know that the most powerful people in the country, many of whom are Jews, don't like Farrakhan." What is Islam?," speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 11/23/03 "Even though the Koran says and the prophet Mohammed predicted that the Mahdi would come, somebody would come as a guide. Why? Because his own community had lost the path that he had put them on. Christians, you have lost the path that Jesus put you on. And the Jewish or Hebrew community lost the path that Moses and the prophets of Israel put the Jewish people on. We're off that path."--8th Anniversary The Holy Day of Atonement speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/16/03 "When Jesus was preaching, his enemies were the scribes, the Pharisees, the Sadducees, He was preaching in the Roman Empire, and the people wanted to trap him for the Roman authorities. But under the Roman authorities were the Jewish religious authorities. They were wrapped in the law. But they were wrapped in the letter, but not in the spirit. Jesus was more than a man of the letter; Jesus was a man of the spirit. But he said, 'I didn't come to change the law. I came to fulfill that which was written in the law.' There's a whole lot difference between a man that gives the law & a man who fulfills what is written in the law. He did something that they thought was contrary to the law. And sometimes when you're a religious hypocrite, you use your knowledge of the law to hide a self-righteous hypocrisy." 8th Anniversary The Holy Day of Atonement speech at Mosque Maryam, 10/16/03 "See how you can see Jesus in ancient Rome. See how you can use or see the rabbinical scholars, the Levites, the Sadducees, the Pharisees, and their attack on the master? See how Pontius Pilate washed his hands of the matter? See how they [the Jews] brought him into court on false charges? See how they plotted to crucify him? And it's easy to sing about what was. It's difficult to believe that what was is. The Rome of yesterday is nothing to the America of today." 8th Anniversary The Holy Day of Atonement speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/16/03 "You say I hate Jews. I don't hate the Jewish people, I never have. But there [are] some things I don't like. 'What is it you don't like, Farrakhan?' I don't like the way you leech on us. See a leech is somebody that sucks your blood, takes from you and don't give you a damn thing. See, I don't like that kind of arrangement. You become our manager, you become our agent. Every one of us that got talent, we can't make it because you opened the door, and when you opened the door you get and we end up dead with nothing, owing the IRS." 8th Anniversary The Holy Day of Atonement speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/16/03 "So from that point on, when I said that, the next day, in New York, a rabbi was on television calling me the new black Hitler. Now what is that? You are so used to black people cowing down that you're not used to a man talking to another man? So you're gonna call me Hitler, a man who had nothing in his heart but the murder of Jews. You're gonna put that on me, so that any of your children will feel that it's an honor for me to be dead. And then some of them come out where I'm speaking, said, 'Who do you want, Farrakhan! How do you want him? Dead.' Did you think we were gonna take that crap sitting down? Do you want to ignite revolution all over America? Is that what you want? Do you want the anger of God? So what I'm saying to my Christian friends-there has not been a black leader in America locked in a struggle with the Jewish community but Louis Farrakhan. Now open your eyes. Name me one. When it comes to someone being a black anti-Semite who do they single out, who is made the litmus test when you go to work and they ask you what do you think about Farrakhan? They are not asking you a thing about nobody else. Why me? Did you ever stop to consider who are the scribes. The Latin word, scribo, meaning 'I write.' For 18 years they have written against me, more than any black leader before or since. The scribes, who are these Pharisees? See, who are they, who are these guys? They call themselves Muslims. But they're not true. That's what they said about Jesus. He wasn't true. Because you felt he went outside the law." 8th Anniversary The Holy Day of Atonement speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/16/03 "I'm not into integration. I am not for that. God told the Jews, he didn't want you inter-marrying with others. But you disobeyed him. He don't want us uniting into this that he's come to judge. You can't integrate with wickedness if you want righteousness." 8th Anniversary The Holy Day of Atonement speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/16/03 "You can go to Palestine, called Israel today, you can see Sodom, you can see Gomorrah, ain't nothing built there. God hadn't let anything be built there to show you his displeasure against homosexual behavior. Now the church says it's all right. I was an Episcopalian before I was a Muslim, and I liked my church. I can't remember anybody in the church; if they were gay they were hiding that. They were sure acting like men, you know what I mean." 8th Anniversary The Holy Day of Atonement speech at Mosque Maryam, Chicago, 10/16/03 "I don't hate Jews. I honor and respect those who try to live according to the teachings of the Torah, but you can't criticize Jewish people. If you criticize them you are anti-Semitic. If you don't agree with what they are doing, you are anti-Semitic. The Bible says, Revelations, those who say they are Jews and are not, I will make them of the synagogue of Satan. I don't hear you preaching that full Gospel. You are afraid of consequences. But no man can say he's a Jew and promote homosexuality. No man can say he's a Jew and promote that which is against the commandments of God. No man can say he's a Jew and run the despicable, degenerate movies. The filth and degenerate language." Saviours' Day Speech, Chicago, 2/23/03 Farrakhan on past anti-Semitic remarks: "I can never apologize for telling the truth... I can apologize for the manner of telling the truth." BET Tonight with Travis Smiley, 9/11/00-9/12/00 Farrakhan on Sen. Joseph Lieberman: "Mr. Lieberman, as an orthodox Jew, is also a dual citizen of Israel." Los Angeles Times, 8/12/00 Farrakhan: "Is the Federal Reserve owned by the government?" Audience: "No." Farrakhan: "Who owns the Federal Reserve?" Audience: "Jews." Farrakhan: "The same year they set up the IRS, they set up the FBI. And the same year they set up the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith. It could be a coincidence [I want] to see black intellectuals free. I want to see them not controlled by members of the Jewish community." Dallas Observer on-line, 8/10/00 Farrakhan on Jewish control: Farrakhan said that he is fighting the "inordinate control" some Jews have over Blacks, particularly in entertainment and business. Associated Press, 7/31/00 "They [the Jews] are the greatest controllers of Black minds, Black intelligence. They write the scripts -- the foolish scripts on television that our people portray. They are the movie moguls that feature us in these silly, degrading, degenerate roles. The great recording companies that portray our people in such a filthy and low-rating way, yet they would not allow such a man as Michael Jackson to say one word that they thought would besmirch their reputation, but they put us before the world as clowns and as purveyors of filth. No, I will fight that." Meet The Press interview, 10/18/98 "Of course, they [the Jews] have a very small number of people but they are the most powerful in the world, they have the power to do good and they have the power to do evil...Now what do the Jews do best? Well, they have been the best in finance that the world has ever known...They finance a lot of stuff in the world, and there's nothing wrong with that, but they are not good politicians, they are the worst politicians because they don't recognize really their friends and as well their enemies..." Saviours' Day Speech, Chicago, 2/22/98 "I believe that for the small numbers of Jewish people in the United States, they exercise a tremendous amount of influence on the affairs of government. ..Yes, they exercise extraordinary control, and Black people will never be free in this country until they are free of that kind of control..." Meet The Press interview, 4/14/97 "To continue to point out the truth of that control and how that control never will allow us to be full and completely men, free, justified, and equal. Why should we be controlled by the power, influence, and money of others? We should not be under that kind of control... going to Jewish philanthropists, begging them for money to support our causes, and through that money, there is control, and that kind of control limits the freedom of our people to speak freely, write freely, think freely, and act as free men..." Meet The Press interview, 4/14/97-"And you do with me as is written, but remember that I have warned you that Allah will punish you. You are wicked deceivers of the American people. You have sucked their blood. You are not real Jews, those of you that are not real Jews. You are the synagogue of Satan, and you have wrapped your tentacles around the U.S. government, and you are deceiving and sending this nation to hell. But I warn you in the name of Allah, you would be wise to leave me alone. But if you choose to crucify me, know that Allah will crucify you." Saviours' Day Speech, Chicago, 2/25/96-"I don't own Hollywood. Who depicted Black people? Who writes the books? Who writes the plays, the songs that make us look less than human? Do you mean to tell me that Jews have never done any evil to Black people?... Were they not involved in the slave trade? Yes, they were...and to the extent that they were involved, somebody has to bring them to account. And I believe that has fallen on me." He speaks the truth I must say. Interview with New York Amsterdam News, 1/8/94 Next: On 'Jewish Conspiracies'. I have always considered Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam to be anti-American but now reading this report I must reassess my thinking because he's saying the absolute truth. Some years ago he Farrakhan organized the million man march on Washington to instill the importance of family in the black community. He genuinely felt a need for responsible fathers in every family and home. I applaud that character as Christian to build America. I am not aware of how long Farrakhan has been informing his people of the Russian Jews but he has it right. Rev Wright had it right also but was branded anti Semitic as all are if they speak the truth. There is something wrong with any people they cannot be criticized. Louis Farrakhan converted to Islam from the Protestant Presbyterian Church and preaches like a Christian. I do not endorse his conversion to Islam nor do I understand his reason. I have not ever opposed his taking his people out of this country to a new land of his own. The facts are that Islam recognizes Christ at least as a prophet while the Jewish religions condemn every aspect of Christianity. In Israel the Jordanian Arabs are much friendlier. It is rare to find anyone so well-informed of who is who considering all of the propaganda spewed out by the Dragon and the Beast like Fox News and all media slander networks.